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Honoring God and Caesar
Matthew 22:15-22
Grace to you and peace from
God our Father, and from our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. Amen.
If you are a Christian, then you are a
citizen of a nation of this world, and you are also a citizen of the kingdom of
heaven. Though very different from each other, these two kingdoms of which you
are a citizen, both of them are from God. In God’s left hand kingdom, He
appoints civil authorities to maintain order, to defend its citizens, to punish
wrongdoers, and to praise those who do what is good and right. But in God’s
right hand kingdom, the Gospel holds sway. The Church operates not by threat
but by invitation; not by penalties but by the forgiveness of sins. Peace comes
through the death of Jesus on the cross, which reconciles us to the Father. It
is not a temporary peace between people; it is an everlasting peace with God.
The Church is not ruled by the sword but governed by the preaching of God’s
Word.
Now, Jesus tells us to give proper honor
to both kingdoms: “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God
the things that are God’s.” Give governing authorities the honor and
obedience that is due them, for God is the One who has established these
governing authorities. They may often abuse their authority; they may not even
realize they serve a divine calling. But we are to honor them as servants of
God, for by honoring them, we are really honoring God Himself. What Jesus is
teaching us here is to look to the office He has established and not so much to
the person in the office. Jesus did not say, “Render to Tiberias...” who
was Caesar at the time. Tiberias wasn’t a particularly honorable fellow—in truth
he was a brutal scoundrel—but he was the ruler. And his divinely established
office was to be given the honor it deserved. The office was God’s gift, and it
is still that for us today. And because God has established his office, we are
to honor him, pay our taxes, and obey whatever laws are in force, as long as those
laws do not cause us to sin against God. Then, and only then, can we
legitimately resist the earthly authority God has established.
So when the religious leaders of the Jews
tried to trap Jesus, He said to them, “Render to Caesar the things that are
Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” So, what did Jesus mean?
We probably understand pretty well the Caesar part, about paying taxes and
giving honor. We may not always do it willingly, but we know what it’s about.
But what do we render to God?
First, we need to remember that this does
not really have anything to do with our offerings. All our money and
possessions belong to God anyway. But this isn’t really about money. You give
to Caesar the things that bear his image, namely, the coins, the money. And you
give to God the things that bear His image. But, what is that? Is it not Jesus
Christ Himself? St. Paul
wrote to the Colossians: “He is the image of the invisible God...” And
Christ Himself is the One to whom the apostle refers, the image of God,
“coined,” if you will, in our human flesh. And He was offered up to God as the
sacrifice for our sins on the cross. And the inscription was placed over His
head at Calvary by an agent of Caesar himself:
“This is Jesus, the King of the Jews.”
When it comes to settling accounts with
God, you can do one of two things; either you can offer Him your own works,
which always fall short; or you can trust in the work and sacrifice of Christ,
given to the Father as the full payment for your sins. So to render to God the
things that are God’s is simply to believe in Christ and rely on Him. It is to
point to the crucified Christ and say: “There is my salvation.” But there is
even more. Through your Baptism into Christ, the Lord has put His own
inscription on You: “Father, Son, and
Holy Spirit.” On you whose image is tarnished by sin, Jesus stamped the
sign of the cross and joined you to Himself. You are God’s holy treasure, and
in Christ you render your very bodies, Paul says, as living sacrifices, holy
and acceptable to God.
By your baptismal faith, you are now
citizens of heaven. You have entered into God’s right hand kingdom of grace.
God, in mercy, has extended that hand to you in Jesus Christ. Jesus was the One
who came to live under both God the Father and Caesar. He perfectly kept the
law. He received Caesar’s authority as God’s authority. He died under the same
Caesar who was pictured on the coin brought to Him by the Jews. Jesus purchased
and redeemed you, “not with silver or
gold, but with His holy, precious blood.” And this same Jesus now reigns at
the right hand of the Father as the King of kings and Lord of lords, whose
kingdom shall have no end. He is head over all things for the Church. Though
there are things that may threaten you in your life here in the left hand
kingdom, the Father holds you safely forever in His right hand. Through Jesus
you are citizens of heaven. And so, the deepest love of our hearts is not on
this passing world, but on that better, heavenly country. These lowly bodies of
ours, racked with sin and death, will be transformed by Christ. We will no
longer be subject to all the troubles of this world. No longer will sin and
death be able to threaten you. You will live before God amidst the holy
pleasures of the new creation eternally.
So let us honor God in both of His
kingdoms. Yes, show allegiance to our county, honoring those in positions of
authority over us. And above all else, give allegiance to the eternal Father,
to our Lord Jesus Christ and His Church, to His saving Word through which the
Holy Spirit gives and keeps us in the
true faith, and to our catechism and creeds which faithfully confess that Word.
Let us hold forth the holy cross of Christ as our greatest sign, the banner of
our salvation. For though it is a stumbling block to the Jews and foolishness
to the Gentiles, the cross of Jesus Christ remains the power and wisdom of God
and the only way to enter His everlasting, unshakable kingdom. In the name of
the Father and of the Son (†) and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.
The
peace of God which passes all understanding keep your hearts and minds in
Christ Jesus always. Amen.